Heresies 1

Overview

Heresies of Old, Responses for Today: Laying the Foundation

Heresy is simply the departure from scriptural truth—truth confessed in the historic creeds of the church (the Apostles', Nicene, and Athanasian), which themselves echo Holy Scripture. The most consequential heresies, ancient and modern, cluster around two doctrines: the Holy Trinity, and the two natures of Christ (true God and true man). Following the threefold pattern of the Apostles' Creed, we can examine errors concerning the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, learning to recognize their echoes in our own day.

Our model is the Berean believers, who "examined the Scriptures every day to see whether these things were so" Acts 17:11. When we encounter claims about God, the church, or the cross, we hold them up to the light of Scripture. This is paired with two other apostolic charges: to "grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ" 2 Peter 3:18, and to "always be ready to make your defense to anyone who demands from you an accounting for the hope that is in you" 1 Peter 3:15.

Why Heresy Tempts Every One of Us

Heresy is not merely someone else's problem. The very first heresy appears in Genesis 3:6, where Adam and Eve chose what seemed reasonable to them rather than what God had clearly said in Genesis 2:16-17. That pattern—rationalizing against God's revealed Word—has been passed down to all of us. "Sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all" Romans 5:12. Scripture testifies that "every inclination of the thoughts of their hearts was only evil continually" Genesis 6:5, that "the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God" Romans 8:7, and that we must "put away" the old self, "corrupt and deluded by its lusts" Ephesians 4:22.

Heresy appeals precisely to this inherited corruption. We may not even recognize the sin within us, yet false teaching latches onto it and draws us in. Apart from God's Word we cannot even see the depth of our condition—"who can detect their errors?" Psalm 19:12; "I would not have known what it is to covet if the law had not said, 'You shall not covet'" Romans 7:7. The cheerful confidence "I'm a good person, I'll go to heaven" collapses under this scriptural witness—and that collapse is what makes us see our need for a Savior.

The Antidote: The Dynamite of God's Word

The good news answers the diagnosis. Though we were "dead through the trespasses and sins" in which we once walked, "God, who is rich in mercy, out of the great love with which he loved us, even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved" Ephesians 2:1-5. He "has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son, in whom we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins" Colossians 1:13-14. We are forgiven not only of sinful acts but of the disease of sin itself.

God then guards our hearts and minds through that same Word. The gospel "is the power [dynamis] of God for salvation to everyone who believes" Romans 1:16—dynamite that dismantles falsehood when held up against it. This is why the writer to the Hebrews urges us "not neglecting to meet together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another, and all the more as you see the Day drawing near" Hebrews 10:24-25. When we drift from the Word, faith withers and heresy finds easy purchase. Satan's playbook has not changed since Eden: "Did God really say…?" Grounded believers, growing in grace and knowledge, can answer that question with Scripture in hand—lovingly, gently, and clearly—both for the sake of their own souls and as a witness to neighbors caught in error.

Looking Ahead

With this foundation in place, we are equipped to examine specific ancient errors—Marcionites, Arians, Sabellians, Eutychians, Docetists, Montanists, Gnostics, Judaizers, Pelagians, Sadducees, and others—and to recognize their modern echoes. In every case, the Word of God will prove sufficient to expose the lie, ground us in the truth, and prepare us to give a faithful, gracious defense of the hope we have in Christ.

Transcript

Well, good morning. Let's pray together, please. Grace is heavenly Father, it is such a joy to be in your house. 0s

We thank you that you call us together as your people. We thank you that you have something to give us your word, 8s

and that you empower us and send us forth with the grand and glorious calling to make disciples. 16s

Bless us, we pray as we study now your word as we look at heresies of old, their expression today, 24s

and how we in gentleness can express the truth of Scripture as we witness. 32s

Bless now our study in Jesus' name. Amen. 38s

Well, welcome to this new class. We're going to take a look for a little bit at heresies of old and responses for today. 43s

Heresy is a word that simply means the departure from scriptural truth, the departure from truth as expressed in the historic creeds, 56s

which are a reflection of holy Scripture. When you look at the three great creeds of the church, the workhorse, 68s

the one that we use most often is the Apostles' creed. You've got then the Nicene creed. Then you've also got what's called the Athanasian creed. 77s

You really don't see the Athanasian creed used too much as part of the worship service, because the Athanasian creed is as long as a sermon. 88s

But if you want a great, great creed that addresses the Trinity, that the Athanasian creed is just a jam. 96s

So when you look at heresy, you see then that heresy is departure from these fundamental truths of God's word. 106s

These fundamental truths expressed in our creeds, and the most consequential of the heresies. 113s

Focus on two different things. One is the Trinity, and one is the two natures of Christ. 122s

You've got this constellation of heresies in the past and also the present that focus on the Trinity and the two natures of Christ. 130s

The two natures of Christ, of course, is God and human, true God and true man. 139s

So in these classes that I'd like to have with you, I'd like to take the Apostles' creed. 145s

And as you know from your Catechism days, Apostles' creed, divided into three different parts there, as Luther talked about the first, second, and third articles. 151s

And that corresponds with Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. 162s

And so we're going to look at heresies that have to do with God the Father. 167s

We're going to look at heresies that have to do with the Son, and we're going to look at heresies that have to do with the Holy Spirit. 172s

So we're going to follow that threefold pattern as we move through. 180s

Today I want to lay just some foundation here today. 185s

So we're not going to get into a specific heresy in which it's named. 189s

We'll get that starting next week. 194s

But I want to take some time and lay some foundation for us that we can build on that I hope will make some sense of why we're laying that as we get into this further in the weeks ahead. 197s

Our main purpose is for us to emulate what the Christians did in Acts the 17th chapter. 209s

So let's turn there please. 217s

At the 17th chapter of Acts, we're working through the book of Acts. 219s

We will not be done with the entire book in six months. 226s

This is an endeavor here. 231s

And we're going to work through it. 234s

So it's going to take us a little bit to get to the 17th chapter of Acts. 237s

But there's a wonderful, wonderful image here that I'd like to lift up because I think it's the whole purpose of our study that we might emulate these Christians revealed in Acts the 17th chapter. 242s

So Acts 17 verse 11, please. 256s

These Jews were more receptive than those in Thessalonica. 261s

For they welcomed the message very eagerly. 267s

Here's the key words. 271s

For they welcomed the message very eagerly and examined the Scriptures every day to see whether these things were so. 274s

The examiners of the Scriptures every day to see whether these things were so. 284s

That is our calling, isn't it? 292s

And that's such an important, important thing for us as a church to be about. 294s

When we hear things about God, when we hear things about the church, when we hear these kind of statements and we say to ourselves, 300s

is that true? Is that reflected in Scripture? 308s

And we hold it up to the light of Scripture and we examine Scripture and we examine the statement. 312s

So I hope that through these classes together, where we will emulate here, these Jews that we see in Holy Scripture, that they hear the message and they turn right back into Scripture to see whether or not what they were hearing is true. 320s

And so when we hear a phrase, we examine it and we say, now how can we witness to them? 338s

Because the phrases that we're going to go through, these are phrases that you hear. 344s

And they echo heresies of the past. 350s

So when you hear it, then the alarm should go off and you say, well that's not true because we've examined the Scriptures then. 356s

So how then can we lovingly witness to that person who is in error? 364s

And where's the biblical basis for us to do that? 371s

So that's a purpose of the study. 375s

Another purpose of it is found in 2 Peter chapter 3. 378s

A good way to find 2 Peter is just to go to the book of Revelation, the last book, and turn towards Matthew. 383s

You'll cross over the Johns, then you run into the Peters. 391s

2 Peter chapter 3, verse 18. 396s

2 Peter chapter 3, verse 18. 404s

And there we read, but grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, to Him be the glory both now and to the day of eternity. 416s

Amen. 429s

Grow in grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ. 429s

That goes on until the Lord takes us home, right? 436s

We're all a people that are under construction. 439s

I remember seeing a huge banner by this apartment complex and it said under construction. 443s

And I thought, well, that's all of us, right? 450s

We're just all under construction. 453s

We're not the same as we were yesterday. 455s

We're not going to be the same today as we are going to be tomorrow. 459s

Because God is at work in our lives molding us to be more and more like Jesus Christ as we grow in His grace and His knowledge. 463s

Also, an image I want to lift up for the class is 1 Peter chapter 3, verse 15. 473s

1 Peter chapter 3, verse 15. 478s

So here's another purpose of the class. 486s

So we want to turn to the scriptures and see where do the scriptures reflect this truth? 489s

We want to grow in grace and knowledge and then 1 Peter chapter 3, verse 15. 494s

But in your heart, sanctify Christ as Lord. 500s

Always be ready to make your defense to anyone who demands from you and accounting for the hope that is in you. 504s

Always be ready to make your defense. 513s

So we'll hear these phrases then. 516s

We say, well, that's not true. 518s

My prayer is as we work through these, we'll be equipped in order to make our defense. 520s

We all know folks that hold strange opinions, strange opinions about God, about the church, about the Lord Jesus, about the cross. 527s

Those are very profitable opportunities for us to enter into conversation with them. 542s

It provides that opportunity for us to be a people of witness. 549s

And the heresies that we're going to study, there are only a few of the heresies that we could study. 556s

So I've kind of picked out, I don't want to say the best of the heresies because that would have been oxymoron there. 564s

But it's kind of like, here's just a host of heresies here. 572s

And we're going to focus around the Trinity and the two natures of Christ. 576s

Well, let's lay some foundation. 580s

All of us are born with the deadly disease of sin. 585s

We're all born with that. 591s

Heresy is not the error that somebody else might fall into. 595s

The temptation to fall into heresy is something that affects all of us. 602s

Because heresy naturally appeals to our sinfulness. 608s

And so heresy is a temptation for all of us. 617s

And the reason being because of our sin. 623s

In Genesis the third chapter, it marks the very first heresy. 626s

Let's turn there, please. 631s

Genesis chapter 3, verse 6. 633s

Here you've got the fall into sin. 640s

And it marks the very first heresy. 644s

So Genesis chapter 3, verse 6, and there we read. 653s

So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food and that it was a delight to the eyes. 658s

And that the tree was to be desired to make one wise. 665s

She took of its fruit and ate. 668s

And she also gave some to her husband who was with her. 672s

And he ate. 676s

The warning was very clear, wasn't it? 679s

When you look over at chapter 2, verse 16. 681s

The Scripture says, and the Lord, God, commanded the man. 686s

You may freely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. 690s

You shall not eat for in the day that you eat of it, you shall die. 697s

God is drawing in the clearest of terms, the distinction between Himself and His creation, 702s

between the Creator and the creation. 708s

And God says, this is death for you. 711s

You die if you determine what's right and wrong. 714s

The moment you start determining what's right and wrong, you die. 717s

You die. 722s

That was a clear demarcation from God. 722s

So the warning is very clear in 17. 726s

But when you look at verse 6 of chapter 3, 731s

notice the process that Adam and Eve go through. 737s

So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, 741s

that it was the delight to the eyes, that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, 745s

she took of its fruit and ate, and she also gave some to her husband who was with her, 751s

and he ate. 756s

Well, it's a process, right? 760s

Of what? 762s

Rationalization, right? 765s

And so what's the very first heresy? 767s

The first heresy then is Adam and Eve chose what was reasonable to them 770s

and not what God had said. 777s

Choosing what is reasonable to us instead of what God has revealed. 783s

And there were consequences of this heresy. 790s

Let's go to the book of Romans, please. 794s

Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Acts, and then Romans. 797s

Romans chapter 5, verse 12. 802s

And we see the consequence of the fall into sin. 808s

We see the consequence of this heresy of choosing that which is reasonable to us 811s

instead of what God has said. 818s

Romans chapter 5, verse 12, said, therefore just as sin came into the world through one man 823s

and death came through sin, so death spread to all because all have sinned, verse 18. 830s

Therefore, just as one man's trespass led to condemnation for all. 843s

So people, capable of heresy, produce people that are what? 851s

Capable of heresy, right? 860s

Our sin that we have inherited going back to our very first parents, we simply pass along. 863s

So that when that child is conceived, you have a sinner. 872s

Remember what David said in Psalm 51, I was a sinner since my mother conceived. 878s

So we know from Scripture life begins at conception and when life begins at conception, 886s

there we have the sinner. 893s

People, capable of heresy, produce people, capable of heresy. 895s

Luther said this. 901s

Eve agrees with Satan when he charges God with lying. 904s

And as it were, strikes God in the face with his fists. 911s

She joins with Satan in despising God and denying the Word of God and she believes the Father of lies rather than the Word of God. 918s

Let these events be warnings for us that we may learn what man is. 929s

Now here's the line. 936s

For if this happened when nature was still perfect, what do you think will happen to us? 939s

Now, if this happened when nature was perfect, what do you think will happen to us now? 949s

It's because of our inherited sinfulness that we constantly have the temptation to move into heresy. 959s

It's our sinfulness. 975s

Look at what the Scripture says about this inherited disease of sin. 978s

Let's go to Genesis chapter 6, verse 5. 982s

Genesis chapter 6, verse 5. 987s

The Lord saw that the wickedness of being kind was great in the earth and that every inclination of the thoughts of their hearts were only evil continually. 1004s

That's a powerful verse, isn't it? 1021s

The Lord saw that the wickedness of humankind was great in the earth and that every inclination of the thoughts of their hearts was only evil continually. 1023s

Let's go to Romans 8, chapter 8. 1035s

Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Acts, and then Romans, Romans chapter 8, verse 7. 1038s

Romans 8 for 7. 1050s

For this reason, the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God. 1056s

It does not submit to God's law, indeed it cannot. 1061s

The mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God. 1068s

And so when we are born then, we are born in enemy of God in rebellion against Him. 1074s

We are hostile to God. 1081s

Let's go to Ephesians the fourth chapter. 1085s

Keep turning towards revelation. 1088s

Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Acts, and Romans, 1st and 2nd Corinthians, Galatians, and then Ephesians, Ephesians chapter 4, verse 22. 1090s

You were taught to put away your former way of life, your old self, corrupt and deluded by its lusts. 1110s

In the solid declaration which is part of our Lutheran confessional writings, it's this statement that appears. 1121s

Christians should regard and recognize the actual transgression of God's commandments as sin. 1129s

But sin is also that horrible dreadful hereditary sickness by which the entire human nature is corrupted. 1137s

Now put that in light of the phrase where you hear, I'm a good person, I'll go to heaven. 1152s

Scripture dismantles that, doesn't it? 1166s

It just dismantles it. 1169s

That there's no amount of goodness in us that God looks at us and says, I'm impressed. 1172s

I'm impressed. 1179s

No, Scripture repeatedly beats this constant beat throughout from Genesis to Revelation of our sinfulness and our lack of holiness. 1180s

And we compare ourselves to God Himself and our need for a Savior is apparent. 1193s

So evaluate the statement. 1203s

Apart from God's word, it is impossible for us to know about our inherited disease of sin. 1208s

And the countless ways this disease becomes evident in our lives. 1216s

Apart from God's word, it's impossible for us to know about our inherited disease of sin. 1222s

And the countless ways this disease becomes evident in our lives. 1229s

That's true, isn't it? 1237s

But let's hear the echo of Scripture on this. 1239s

Let's go to Psalm 19, verse 12. 1243s

Psalm 19, verse 12. 1246s

And the Scripture says in Psalm 19, verse 12. 1266s

But who can detect their errors? 1271s

Clear me from hidden faults. 1275s

In other words, the depth of our sin is so deep that we don't understand it. 1280s

We can't even comprehend it. 1285s

The depravity of our sinfulness. 1288s

Let's go to Psalm 40, verse 12. 1293s

Psalm 40, verse 12. 1296s

For evils have encompassed me without number. 1308s

My iniquities have overtaken me until I cannot see. 1313s

They are more than the hairs of my head and my heart fails. 1317s

It fails. 1325s

Let's go to Romans 7, verse 7. 1327s

Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Axon, and Romans. 1329s

Romans 7, verse 7. 1333s

What then should we say that the law is sin? 1347s

By no means. 1351s

Yet if it had not been for the law, I would not have known sin. 1353s

I would not have known what it is to cover it if the law had not said you shall not cover it. 1360s

So sin goes far beyond what we say and what we do. 1368s

It is this condition that we find ourselves in. 1375s

And we need Scripture to declare to us the seriousness of the situation that we are in. 1381s

Because without the witness of God's Word, we would never recognize it. 1388s

We would never recognize our need for a Savior. 1394s

Because if we don't understand the depths of our sin and that our sin justifiably justifies us before a just God, 1398s

if we don't understand that, then we don't need Jesus. 1407s

If we think that we can be good enough to earn our way into heaven, we don't need a Savior. 1411s

Thanks, but we've got it handled, right? 1419s

But it's precisely because of the depths of our sinfulness and but one, but one little sin in thought, word or deed, 1423s

makes us condemned of all of the law for all of eternity before God. 1434s

That indeed the Savior is absolutely necessary. 1440s

We are all tempted to fall into heresy because of our sinfulness. 1444s

And why? Because heresy appeals to our sinfulness. 1454s

Heresy appeals to it. 1464s

And so if we can get something that affirms our sinfulness, we might not even know or have the ability to articulate that something is sinful, 1468s

but the heresy is appealing to the sin in the person. 1482s

So the person may have no idea that something is sinful. 1486s

And yet the heresy comes along, it appeals to the sin in them and they're drawn to the heresy. 1490s

And so the thing that we must keep in mind constantly is that heresy continues to work all around, all around. 1501s

And if we are not a people grounded in the word of God and can identify the heresy, heresy has this appeal to our sinfulness. 1514s

And we'll be drawn to it. 1525s

We'll be drawn to it. 1527s

Well, that's what Golden Lutheran theology, the articulation of the law, right? 1531s

That's the law that reveals our sinfulness. 1538s

Well, I don't want this to be all law today. 1540s

So I want to get to some good news for us today. 1544s

I want to get to some good news. 1548s

The antidote for our inherited disease. 1551s

Let's go to Ephesians, the second chapter. 1555s

First and second Corinthians, Galatians, and then Ephesians. 1557s

Ephesians chapter 2, verse 1. 1562s

And here comes the antidote now. 1573s

You are dead through the trespasses and sins in which you once lived following the course of this world, following the ruler of the power of the air, the spirit. 1580s

It's now at work among those who are disobedient. 1590s

All of us once lived among them in the passions of our flesh following the desires of flesh and senses. 1594s

And we were by nature, children of wrath, like everyone else. 1600s

And then here comes the conjunction, right? 1608s

God, who is rich in mercy, out of the great love with which He loved us. 1612s

Even when we were dead through our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ by grace, you have been saved. 1619s

Let's go to Colossians, the first chapter. 1632s

Very next book, Colossians chapter 1, verse 13. 1636s

He has rescued us from the power of darkness. 1653s

You see, if you need to be rescued, you can't rescue yourself, right? 1661s

I mean, by very definition, somebody had to rescue you because you couldn't save yourself. 1667s

So he has rescued us from the power of darkness and transferred us into the kingdom of his beloved son in whom we have redemption, the forgiveness of our sins. 1673s

So we are forgiven not only of the actual acts of our sin, we are forgiven of the disease itself of our sinfulness. 1686s

And God is at work to continually protect our heart and mind. 1702s

So God redeems us through the cross of Christ. 1708s

He claims us as His own in the waters of baptism. 1711s

He personally applies that gospel to us. 1714s

He has at work making us more and more like Jesus Christ. 1717s

He has at work in our lives now protecting our heart and mind. 1721s

And how does he do it? 1727s

Let's go to Romans chapter 1, verse 16. 1729s

Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Acts, and then Romans. 1733s

Romans chapter 1, verse 16. 1738s

Paul writes, for I am not ashamed of the gospel. 1750s

It is the power, and remember what that Greek word is. It's dynamist, dynamite. 1753s

It is the power of God for salvation to everyone who has faith to the Jew first and also to the Greek. 1759s

So what God does in His word is He reveals to us not only our sinfulness and our inherited corruption, 1768s

but He also reveals to us the gospel through Jesus Christ. 1776s

And He also reveals to us that that very word that He has given us is dynamist. 1782s

It is dynamite. 1787s

And so what it does is it destroys the falsehood. 1788s

And so you hear the hear the heresy and the word of God goes to attack it. 1792s

And it blows up the heresy. 1798s

It blows it up in light of the truthfulness of God's word. 1802s

We were in Durant, Oklahoma, yesterday afternoon for our son's basketball game. 1809s

And Durant, Oklahoma is the farthest south that his team comes. 1816s

And so it was just a delight to drive 100 miles. 1823s

I mean, that was a piece of cake. 1826s

But on the way home, it was off of 75. 1828s

I think it was. There was a church. 1830s

And the name of the church is truth, church. 1833s

What a great name for a church, right? 1839s

Now, I don't know what theology is being taught there, 1841s

or whether it's actually untruth that's being taught, 1844s

but at least in the name only, what a great name for a church. 1847s

Because the word of God is the truth, and the word of God blows up the heresy. 1852s

That's what we're going to see. 1859s

When we look at these various heresies of the church, 1860s

and we see it's echo of today, 1863s

we're going to see the word absolutely dismantle it. 1865s

And the heresy just falls apart. 1869s

God uses his word then, like yeast in endow. 1876s

God's word is in us. 1883s

It expands, and it grows in us. 1886s

It is protective against the effects of heresy. 1889s

And so how important it is, right? 1894s

To receive regularly the reception of God's holy word. 1897s

But let's look at Hebrews, the 10th chapter. 1904s

The way to find Hebrews is just go to Revelation, 1908s

turn toward Matthew. 1911s

You'll cross over the Johns and the Peter. 1912s

Peter's you'll hit James, and then you come to Hebrews. 1914s

Hebrews, the 10th chapter, verse 24. 1919s

Hebrews, chapter 10, verse 24. 1927s

And let us consider how to provoke one another to love and good deeds. 1936s

Not neglecting to meet together as is the habit of some, 1941s

but encouraging one another. 1946s

And all the more, as you see the day, 1948s

and the day is the second coming of Christ, 1950s

the day approaching. 1953s

Not neglecting to meet together. 1955s

What are they talking about? 1958s

They're talking about the assembly of God's people for worship. 1959s

Why does God say, I command you to come? 1962s

Why? Because I have something to give you. 1965s

And it is through that word, that dynamist, 1968s

that that dynamite goes to work in our lives. 1971s

If we push ourselves away from the dynamite, 1974s

if we are not immersed in the Word of God, 1977s

then the heresies come, and the heresy appeals to the sinfulness in us. 1981s

So we're drawn to that heresy. 1986s

And if we're not grounded in the Word, 1989s

we can be drawn into a heresy. 1991s

Why? Because we're not growing in the grace and knowledge of Jesus Christ. 1995s

And it's growing in his grace and his knowledge 2001s

that then we say, that's not right. 2003s

And the reason why it's not right is right here in the Word. 2006s

We search the Word and we say, nope, here's the appeal to my sinfulness. 2010s

This is why it's wrong, and the dynamite blows it up. 2017s

We push ourselves away from the Word. 2020s

We become profoundly susceptible to, number one, 2023s

as Scripture says, faith dying, faith dying. 2028s

And we come profoundly susceptible to heresy, 2031s

which is being drawn away then from the truth. 2035s

And remember, that is Satan's continual ploy. 2041s

He's got the same playbook. It's the same play. 2043s

Remember when he says to Adam and Eve, did God really say, 2046s

did God really say? 2050s

If you're not grounded in the Word, 2053s

then you might say, I don't know. 2056s

I don't know. 2059s

And then heresy links up with this sinfulness 2061s

and you're drawn to it. 2065s

In addition to our inborn capacity for heresy, 2069s

there's a whole host of false teachers that are warned about 2072s

in Holy Scripture, and you can see false teachers today. 2078s

The question that I love the most is when people ask me, 2083s

so what does living Word teach? 2088s

That's the best question. 2092s

That's the best question, because that's a person who's prioritizing 2094s

not program first. 2099s

Program, of course, is important, but teaching has got to be first. 2101s

Teaching's got to be first. 2106s

And when they ask, so what does living Word teach? 2108s

It's the best question in the world. 2112s

The best question in the world. 2114s

So, with that is our foundation in the weeks ahead. 2115s

We're going to hear about the mannequins and the aliens. 2121s

We're going to hear about the civilians and the historians. 2125s

We're going to hear about the euticans and the docytists. 2128s

We're going to hear about the mountainists and the nostics, 2132s

the judisers, the pelagians and the saggisys. 2136s

And we'll hear echoes of today that goes all the way back 2140s

to them. 2147s

And the dynamite of the Word will protect us and equip us to weapons. 2149s