Reformation: Lesson 2

Overview

Forerunners of the Reformation: Wycliffe, Hus, and Luther

The Reformation did not begin overnight when Martin Luther posted the 95 Theses. By the early 1500s, the church faced widespread corruption: indulgences sold for the forgiveness of sins, prayers and even sacramental access tied to payment, the doctrine of purgatory and the veneration of relics, and clergy holding vast property and immunity from civil oversight. Some current Catholic practices still echo these older patterns—candles purchased and lit before statues, donations attached to prayers, and the catechism's continued teaching of purgatory as a "purification" after death. Eastern Orthodoxy, while rejecting both indulgences and purgatory, developed its own tradition of "aerial toll houses," a post-mortem interrogation of the soul. Each of these systems, in different ways, obscures the sufficiency of Christ's grace.

John Wycliffe (c. 1330–1384), called the "morning star of the Reformation," taught at Oxford and exposed the corruption of his day. He argued that Christ alone—not the pope—is the head of the church, that Scripture contains the whole of God's revelation, and that every believer should study the Bible personally. He rejected transubstantiation and translated the Bible into English (from the Latin Vulgate) so that ordinary people could finally hear God's Word in their own language. Roughly 170 hand-copied Wycliffe Bibles survive—evidence of a movement of devoted scribes laboring before the printing press existed.

John Hus (1369–1415) of Bohemia was deeply influenced by Wycliffe's writings through the academic ties between Oxford and the University of Prague. He preached that Scripture alone is the basis of spiritual authority, condemned indulgences and the veneration of relics, rejected the notion of "special grace" through martyrs' possessions, and refused to obey a heretical church even while honoring the legitimate authority of the pastoral office. He distinguished between obeying God and obeying corrupt teachers—reminding believers that God can forgive sin apart from a priest, and that no human office stands above the Word. Condemned at the Council of Constance, Hus refused to recant. When the bishops "committed his soul to the devil," he answered, "I commit it to the most merciful Lord Jesus Christ," and was burned at the stake. He reportedly prophesied that within a century a "swan" would arise whom the church could not silence.

Martin Luther (b. 1483) became that swan. Trained as a monk and tormented by his inability to satisfy God's law through confession, penance, and pilgrimage, Luther was scandalized by the indulgence preaching of Tetzel, who used fear to extract money from the grieving. Reading Romans 1:17—"the righteousness of God is revealed through faith for faith… the one who is righteous will live by faith"—Luther came to see that righteousness is not earned but given: it is the righteousness of Christ received through faith. This gospel breakthrough exposed the abuses of the church for what they were and led him to post the 95 Theses at Wittenberg, not as theatrical protest but as an invitation for the church to examine itself.

Pastoral Application

These reformers remind us that Scripture, not tradition or ecclesiastical authority, is the final standard of truth—and that grace cannot be bought, earned, or borrowed from saints, relics, or rituals. Christ alone is the head of the church; Christ alone is our righteousness. We are commanded to pray, and God promises to hear us freely. Like the laypeople who first received Wycliffe's English Bible, we should treasure the Scriptures we hold in our own language, read them for ourselves, and stand under their authority above culture, feeling, or any teacher. And like Hus, we can face opposition by entrusting ourselves to the most merciful Lord Jesus Christ, whose gospel no fire can silence.

Transcript

Okay, so we are in week two of the Reformation, and so I'm really, we have so much, so much, 2s

so much to get to. 11s

So let's open in prayer. 13s

Lord we thank You, we thank You for Your Word, we thank You for the leaders that You have 15s

put into Your church throughout these centuries, and we thank You for those who have continued 22s

to hold fast to the truth of Your gospel, the truth of Your Word, and to continue proclaiming 28s

it at all costs. 36s

Lord we ask that we would be witnesses bold in the testimony that we have and encouraged 38s

and strengthened in Your power and by Your Spirit. 47s

Lord bless our time together this morning as we study about the Reformation and about 51s

those who You called to reform the church. 57s

We lift all of this to You in the name of Jesus Christ. 60s

Amen. 63s

Okay, so before we start we had a few things we needed to, that came up last time that 64s

we wanted to talk about. 69s

So if you, we're not here last week or have not watched it online or you can now listen 72s

to it, we have a link for a podcast. 79s

Yes, right? 82s

You can, we're podcasting now so you can listen to it on a podcast as well and that would 83s

be fine. 92s

But we talked about the need for reform. 93s

What was leading up to the Reformation? 96s

Because Martin Luther didn't just one day wake up and say, I'm going to nail these words 98s

to the Catholic Vittenburg, but really there was a lot going on that led up to it. 102s

And I have been working on the dates and timeline. 108s

I don't have it on here yet, but next week we will have it all laid out and I will add 113s

the people that we're talking about today will add them into the timeline so we can see 118s

where it's been or where they fall in line of that. 123s

A couple of other questions came up about Eastern Orthodoxy and about purgatory and indulgences 129s

and I tell you what, oh my goodness, you start research in one thing and there are so 138s

many rabbit trails to go down and it's fascinating and as I was telling Phil a little bit 144s

ago, like after two hours you kind of sit up and go, oh my gosh, I just looked up purgatory 148s

and now I'm here. 153s

So the, thanks. 157s

The Eastern Orthodox, this is really interesting. 165s

So they do not, they absolutely have not had indulgences. 169s

From the start they said this is really against the spirit of orthodoxy so that was never 173s

an issue. 180s

What's really interesting is that they also say there is no such thing as purgatory. 181s

However, however, there is a tradition that is taught or a doctrine that is taught in orthodoxy 188s

that gets confused with purgatory and this was fascinating. 197s

So they have something called custom houses or aerial houses and this is where it's representations 204s

of the judgment. 216s

So instead of purgatory, as the Catholic faith teaches or taught where a soul once they, 218s

once someone dies, the soul goes into this waiting state and can work off any lasting sin 228s

or with indulgences have them paid off for them. 237s

So the aerial houses are that when someone dies, and this is in the Eastern Orthodox, 241s

when someone dies, they still, their souls are taken up and then going through these custom 248s

houses or these aerial houses where they will have to go through each one and demons 258s

will question them for sins committed that they have not sought repentance for those sins. 266s

And from that time, that's when the souls will either go to paradise or go to Hades. 277s

So although the Eastern Orthodox religion does not have purgatory per se, 285s

they do have this interim period, but it's very interesting. 292s

So these demons don't allow passage for those who have these unrepentant sins in the orthodox. 300s

Now not all orthodox, not all Eastern Orthodox churches adhere to that, 308s

but it is something that is found in the church. 314s

Just fascinating. 320s

So there's that. 322s

Does the Catholic church still teach purgatory? 325s

Yes, yes it does. 330s

I thought they did, but I wanted to make sure in the catechism of the Catholic church, 332s

they define purgatory as purification so as to achieve the holiness necessary to enter the joy of heaven, 338s

which is experienced by those who die in God's grace and friendship, but still imperfectly purified. 345s

It notes that the final purification of the elect is entirely different than the punishment of the damned. 352s

So they still do teach and have in their catechism the doctrine of purgatory, 361s

and this is where you have that difference with the Eastern Orthodox and the Catholic church, 367s

and where they're finding those little differences on the afterlife, 375s

but still holding to kind of similar, like these waiting or holding periods. 382s

Now a question also came up after class, 389s

but in question of class about, or maybe this one came up in class, 393s

the candles, the little candles that you'll see at a Catholic church, 397s

where you'll see almost like the candles on the altar, 401s

but a little side altar, maybe in front of a statue of a saint. 405s

So you might see people coming in, buying a candle, lighting it, 411s

and then praying there and then going away. 416s

And before Christ, this is from Catholic resources, so I didn't go to Wikipedia. 419s

I went to specific Catholic resources. 428s

And so before Christ they would light lamps on graves because they felt that the soul of the dead person 433s

would go on living in the grave, and so they wanted this little lamp to light for that soul, 441s

but they also wanted to have their own presence there. 450s

So they had to go away, but they would leave this little light to still find their presence, 455s

or that soul would find this person's presence there, and their love would be left behind them. 461s

So now when Catholics light a candle and leave it, what they're doing is, 468s

and we have different answers, one of the reasons they'll do that, they say, 475s

is to pray and then leave their light as a significant meaning that I've prayed. 479s

I'm here, I'm leaving my light shine, but I do have to go and work. 491s

Or I do have to go and take care of regular life, business. 495s

So they know that God doesn't need candles from them, but the church supports it because it's a nice, 500s

simple human thing to do. 507s

This is from a Catholic resource. 510s

Another Catholic resource said in our churches today, 514s

we light candles before a statue or sacred image of our Lord or a saint. 517s

The light signifies our prayer, which is offered in faith, entering the light of God. 521s

It also shows reverence and our desire to remain present in prayer, even as we continue on our day. 526s

The candles are seen as an offering that indicates we're seeking some favor from the Lord or the saint 533s

before which the votive is placed. 539s

They'll also place vigil candles or vigil lights in front to burn 541s

as an offering in prayer. 550s

And then a lot of times a coin box or a basket is near the candles. 552s

So a donation can be made for those candles, for those prayers, for those saints or for the Lord. 558s

And it's not expected of the poor, but it does offset the cost. 566s

So indulgences aren't practiced, 574s

but there's still paying and encouraging payment for these prayers or for these candles, 582s

which are the prayers. 592s

Lighting a candle for someone is a way to both extend your prayers and show solidarity with 594s

the person the prayer is being made on behalf of. 599s

The faithful also light candles as a sign of gratitude to God for answered prayers. 602s

I grew up Catholic and I still find things out and I'm just amazed. 611s

It's really interesting, you know, to think that we can pay for our prayers and pay for them to 617s

be heard. There is no grace in that and in scripture over and over and over again. 627s

We are promised and we are commanded. We are commanded to pray and we are promised that God 635s

will hear our prayers and that He will answer. And yet here we have a church teaching even today 641s

that there is a cost involved or there should be or could be a cost involved, which leads us 652s

really nicely into some of our reformers that we're going to study. So like we've said, 662s

Martin Luther is not the first one, but he certainly was influenced by different reformers. 670s

We have John Wickliffe in England. His life span is 1330 through 1384. He was known as the 677s

morning star of the Reformation. This was in reference to Venus, which is the star that 687s

heralds the coming of the dawn. I love this nickname for him, that he is heralding the coming 694s

of the dawn. It's the reentry or the reopening of the truth of God's word, the truth of the gospel. 700s

He was absolutely aware of the corruption that was taking place in the church and he lived 708s

during some of that time of the papal schism. We talked about that last week where there was the 716s

two popes that were arguing against each other, neither would would relent and give their 725s

reign up and then they had a council of constants. In that council, from 1414 to 1418, there was 730s

another pope named, so then they had three popes. John Wickliffe was, he was aware of some of that 739s

papal schism in the early stages of it. He was Oxford's leading theologian. He had a good reputation. 747s

If you remember from last week, we talked about the land ownership, how the clergy or the 759s

monasteries, the bishops, they could own land in England. People could donate land in exchange for 769s

prayer in exchange for being kept care of, both in elderly age and eternally by the church. 776s

And the church then had complete immunity. They had immunities from outside interference. 786s

John Wickliffe thought that the government should be able to seize the land that belonged to corrupt 795s

parishes or corrupt clerics because the church in England owned one third of the land 802s

in all of England. But they didn't have to pay taxes and they didn't have to deal with any 808s

governmental interference. And it didn't happen while he was alive. He wanted the government to 814s

be able to seize the land of those who were corrupt in the church. It didn't happen, but it 823s

really encouraged people to start standing against abuses of the church or abuses within the church. 829s

He also attacked obedience to the corrupt church because part of what was in the church was 838s

absolute obedience to what the Pope, the church law, the traditions, what those were. There was 847s

supposed to be absolute obedience. And he really argued against obedience to a corrupt church. He 857s

emphasized that one needs to study the Bible for him or her self in order to know how to lead 866s

the Christian life. And so already in the 1300s, we're hearing this personal 875s

relationship really with God, knowing God through his word. And he also attacked transubstantiation, 884s

which transubstantiation is a Catholic teaching on communion that the physical substance 893s

changes from bread and wine to actual physical body and blood. We've had other classes on that and 902s

I can tell you where to look because that's one of those tangents that we could go and go and go. 912s

So we're not doing that. Stopping myself. Okay, his greatest contribution was popularizing 917s

the Bible. So during his time, only translations were available of scripture and they were not 924s

available to lay it. Only the clergy had access to them and only the clergy could read them. They 933s

were kept in the churches and the clergy was supposed to translate and teach the people from 940s

what they have read. And so the clergy who there were plenty who were corrupt, they had complete 950s

control over God's word, complete control over what the people were hearing and learning. They 959s

were hearing it all from the clergy. So the leity had no clue of if they were hearing right or not, 968s

they had to trust. They had to trust that what they were being taught was what God's word said. 976s

So John Wickliffe thought that people needed his word, God's word, in their own language. Now, 982s

during this time, not everyone could read, but he thought that the few people who could read, 988s

they could take the Bible that would be translated into their own language. They could read it 995s

to other people so that then those other people could hear God's word and the gospel and the truth 1001s

of the gospel could be rediscovered. Now this should sound very, very similar, a very strong foreshadowing 1009s

of what was to come in the reformation in just a century. So he translated the Bible into English. 1020s

He didn't have the best translation. He translated it from the Latin vulgate. But even though it wasn't 1032s

the best translation, it was still more accurate than what the people had been hearing from the clergy. 1040s

They were finally hearing a more accurate translation of God's word than what they were 1049s

receiving from the clergy. He also upheld the wholeness or the completeness of scripture that it 1055s

contained the whole of God's revelation. And so he would say that the papacy, church law, church 1063s

here, these familiar reformation roots taking hold. Christ was the only head of the church, 1079s

or that the church needed. That was a very strong stance that Wycliffe had taken. That Christ was 1089s

the only head, did not need a pope, needed Christ. He wanted as many people as possible to read 1096s

scripture. He wanted both clergy and laity to know God's word. And this is all before the 1104s

Gutenberg printing press. So all of the translations of the Bible into English were made by hand. 1110s

Think of the hundreds of hours that that would have taken. And what a labor of love and service to 1121s

the Lord and to mankind for those men who would have translated it. There are 170 copies of 1129s

Wycliffe's Bible still in remaining. And so you think if that's the remnant 170, think of how 1140s

many more actually were copied and that people had just incredible. So in giving people the Bible 1150s

and in stirring discontent for the pope or discontent with having the papacy, those seeds had begun 1162s

to be sown for the Reformation. So the church still was stronger. It still had not been 1172s

reformed. But we have Wycliffe here who's at least starting that transformation. Someone who 1181s

was influenced greatly by Wycliffe's writings was John Huss. John Huss was a man in, I don't know if 1190s

it would have been Heckelslavaquia back then. I'm not quite sure on when it. I know it's split. So 1201s

now it's Czech Republic. But he was Czech and there was his life span is 1369 through 1415. 1206s

He was born into a poor family but he was still able bless you to study at the University of Prague. 1218s

And there had been this political arrangement of marriage and unity between the King of England and 1227s

Czech. So Oxford University and Prague University came together and so they shared studies. 1238s

And so because Wycliffe had been Oxford's chief theologian, he had a lot of writings there and John Huss was 1247s

able to begin studying Wycliffe's writings. So the big things for Huss, he did not support the 1260s

doctrine of relics. The doctrine of relics was that someone could pay to see a relic. There 1268s

are traditions of the hanker chief that wiped the brow of Christ as he was on his way to crucifixion. 1283s

I grew up knowing about Veronica who wiped his brow that is nowhere in scripture. That is one of 1290s

the traditions. And so you could pay to see these things, indulgences, you could pay to see these 1300s

things and have benefit from just seeing them, from having paid them. He also rejected special grace 1309s

which was imparted by touching a martyr's possession. So if you had someone who had been martyred for 1318s

the faith and the church had their clothing for some reason, well for money, they had their clothing. 1327s

You could pay, you could touch their clothing and then supposedly you would have great and special 1336s

grace and blessing from this martyr. You would worship here on earth and the martyr would hear 1344s

and poor blessings down upon you, but that automatically denies the doctrine of grace. It cuts out 1351s

the grace of Christ and Christ alone. He also did not like indulgences and he saw those 1360s

becoming increasingly corrupt in soliciting funds for clergy. So notice two of the or one of the things 1369s

that both Wycliffe and Hus noticed was the power grab, the money grab that led to further 1377s

and further corruption within the church and with the clerics. He also argued the Bible alone 1386s

was the basis of the basis for spiritual authority and it should be available to everyone. 1394s

Everyone should have access to the Bible and the authority of God's word, the authority of 1403s

of matters of spirit or matters of anything, they did not rest with the papacy, they did not rest with 1410s

church tradition, they did not rest with church law, with councils, it was through scripture. 1419s

Scripture had final authority. That may sound familiar because I know that's something that we hold 1426s

very strongly here at living word. We stand under the authority of God's word above all else. 1433s

He also spoke out against the Pope's crusade against the King of Naples. Here we have 1442s

that government and or the politics and religion mixing and we've got the Pope who is crusading 1449s

against the King and the Pope offers for any soldiers who would enlist in his army, the Pope is 1457s

offering full remission of sins. So he is giving forgiveness if the soldiers would fight for him 1466s

against the King. Hus didn't like this, Hus spoke out against this and the Pope didn't like that 1481s

and he was not pleased with John Hus for speaking out against him and so the Pope 1493s

decided and declared that the city of Prague could no longer have sacraments in the city. 1501s

The Catholic Church, there is a lot of salvation that is placed within the sacraments and there are 1509s

sacraments. You've got baptism, you've got confession, you've got communion, you've got marriage, 1518s

you've got last rights, you've got clerical rights. There is a lot that is bound to these sacraments 1525s

and the Pope out of anger has said no one in Prague gets to experience these sacraments but everyone 1534s

in Prague knows or believes that without the sacraments what's waiting for them when they die 1541s

automatically help. If they can't partake in the sacraments they are automatically damned to help 1548s

and so they start rising up against Hus because they want their sacraments back. They want that 1557s

assuridness of at least getting the chance in purgatory to make it to heaven. So just messed up, 1564s

messed up. He did defend the authority of clergy. John Hus absolutely defended that 1577s

in God Jesus creating the church and offering or handing over the office of the keys, handing over 1587s

the authority and responsibility to the church, there is an authority that lies with the church. 1596s

However, God could forgive sin without a priest and God could forgive sin even if there was a 1607s

corrupt priest that the authority of the corruption did not have authority. There was authority in the 1616s

office of the church but God was the one to forgive sins and he also put forth that Christians 1623s

needed to obey the orders in Scripture. He spoke against worshiping images. He spoke against believing 1632s

in false miracles. He spoke against taking spiritual pilgrimages and that also during this time 1642s

was something in right into Luther's time you could take pilgrimages and go to Rome and climb the 1650s

stairs. You can still do that today where you can take part in these spiritual pilgrimages and 1658s

and go to Vatican City and climb these steps, crawling up these steps, praying as you go and earn 1665s

benefit for it. Now we know that is absolutely not scriptural and it does not fall within 1674s

God's word for us because you're doing something to earn benefit or earn grace and again that 1683s

immediately cuts out grace in Christ and Christ alone. He also believed that there's a difference 1692s

between obeying God and obeying a heretical church. We are to obey God. We are to stand under the 1700s

authority of his word, under the authority of Scripture and obey what we have been taught, what 1711s

God's word. Well, we get it in church. We get it being taught by our pastors, by our church leaders. 1723s

But when there's heresy being taught, you as a believer do not stand under the authority of 1731s

a heretical teacher, right? And this is where we constantly come back and why we constantly come 1742s

back to what does God's word say. Because God's word will oftentimes say something different 1750s

than what you're going to hear in the culture at large. God's word is oftentimes going to say 1759s

something different than what we feel inside. But what we follow, what we obey is God's word. We obey 1765s

God's law and we rejoice in God's gospel in his grace, in his mercy. So we had the counsel of 1779s

pizza. We'll get the dates. I'll have them for you. We had the counsel of pizza. We had the council 1793s

of Constance, part of the council of Constance in 1414 through 1418, was to deal with heresy. 1799s

And John Huss was decidedly by the church a heretic. He was considered a heretic and so he was 1809s

put on trial and he was imprisoned, but he absolutely would not recant. And so he was sentenced to 1816s

death. He was sentenced to be a martyr. And the bishops, and I love this, the bishops committed his 1825s

soul to the devil to which he said, I committed to the most merciful Lord Jesus Christ. 1834s

What a perfect response. And he was burned as a heretic. But he trusted the saving Lord. He 1842s

trusted in the mercy. And I love that his parting word were words filled with faith and in obedience to 1852s

the truth of God's word. This is very interesting. Huss, so his last name in check means goose. 1865s

It means goose. And a priest that was witnessing his death, his martyrdom, he said that before he 1875s

died, Huss said, you can cook this goose, this huss, but within a century a swan shall arise who will 1884s

prevail. Guse bumps. Maybe I'll call him huss bumps. 1893s

And sure enough, less than a century later, we have Martin Luther who is born 1483 and 1904s

born ready, well not ready, born into the faith and hoisted into a place of reformation. 1918s

Hold on, let me check the time. We're good, we're good, we're good, we're good. Okay. 1929s

So I didn't know because I've got, hey, you know, it's always, we'll see where we go. Okay, 1934s

so Martin Luther was born. He was, he was training to be a lawyer. Are we all familiar with the story 1942s

of Martin Luther kind of sort of maybe? He was training to be a lawyer. He was walking down a road. 1951s

There was a terrible storm, lightning struck near and he dropped to his knees and prayed and prayed 1958s

and prayed, save me, save me, save me Lord. If you save me, I will be a monk. Oh, be a monk. And so 1965s

he was saved and so he had made this promise. So he was going to go into the monastery. He was 1971s

going to become a monk and he did. Something that's fascinating is that as he was living as a 1976s

Catholic monk and and and really raised in the church in Catholicism, he struggled nonstop with 1985s

the mental torment of the law. He struggled nonstop with this God who would expect perfection from 1995s

him from anyone but we can't be perfect and he would go to his confessor and he would confess and 2009s

confess and confess and he would get up and he'd start going down the hall and he'd go, oh my 2018s

god, I sinned again and he'd run back to the confessor and he'd confess and confess and confess 2023s

and he could never keep up with confessing his sins and the madness that that would create and 2028s

continue to to keep him in and he would hurt himself and and just cry and cry out and be an 2039s

anguish over his sinfulness and over this God and and having to be perfect for this God who was so 2050s

wrathful and who had such high expectations and it was it was so difficult for him and he went 2062s

on one of these pilgrimages. He went on one of these pilgrimages and he saw these boxes where 2073s

people could drop coins in write a name and they would get these certificates of forgiveness 2082s

the indulgences and and he did take part in climbing up those stairs and praying every step, 2092s

praying, praying, praying and he saw the the church being built and the elaborateness and the 2099s

opulence that's being put into this church with the money that is being dropped in these 2108s

coffers and it seemed wrong, it seemed off, something wasn't right here and there was he returned 2117s

to Germany and there was a there was a traveling priest Tetzel who I don't know about you have you 2127s

ever tried to scare someone into believing in God? I haven't and I'm going to say please don't 2136s

fear, fear is not a way to motivate someone to believe fear is a way to motivate someone into being 2147s

scared trying to earn something or trying to cover all bases you've heard of fire insurance 2156s

right and Tetzel would go through in order to get money and he would sell indulgences but he would 2166s

he would set himself like his hand on fire and he would he would say have you ever burned yourself on a 2174s

on a hot pan or on a hot coal and and people you know of course have have that image they know 2182s

what it feels like to burn and and he'd say think of your loved one right now who's burning 2188s

think of them don't you want to pay to help them get out money money money money and he'd have 2195s

people pay and kept earning and earning and earning money for the church through fear through these 2209s

false promises and the more Luther saw these abuses the more it really just was wrong he knew it was 2218s

wrong and he is studying God's word he is a doctor of theology and continues to dive in to God's 2232s

word and go through it piece by piece by piece and I don't have my Bible right here where is 2243s

I'm going to grab the Bible really quick open up to Romans chapter one and I think you have to 2250s

sing it when you open it Romans chapter one okay um Romans chapter one verse 17 it's on page 133 2259s

if you have a pure edition of the Bible for in it the righteousness of God is revealed through faith 2273s

for faith as it is written the one who is righteous will live by faith now Martin Luther had always 2280s

read that as law that we are righteous we have to be righteous in order to be in faith and as he 2288s

is seeing corruption in the church and as he is you know diving deeper and deeper and deeper in 2299s

he realizes that the righteousness is not our righteousness earned it's the righteousness given to us 2306s

earned by Christ and Christ alone and we have that righteousness by faith in Christ that 2317s

is the salvation the salvation is faith in Christ by grace in Christ and Christ alone 2329s

and so he sees these abuses of the church he sees these church leaders gaining for themselves 2343s

property gaining for themselves power gaining for themselves money and he says this is this is not 2357s

right this is wrong and so he goes to the castle at Vittenburg and he posts on the door the 95 2370s

theses we're gonna study those next week but understand it wasn't a grand gesture it wasn't like 2383s

getting a parade together and saying all right everyone we're taking a stand and they 2392s

marched around and they nailed this big thing to the wall it wasn't that it was like posting something 2396s

to Facebook or to a community calendar like hey guys community fellow brothers and sisters we 2403s

need to talk about this some things are being done in the name of the Pope some things are being 2411s

named done in the name of the church and I don't think this is good so we should really talk about 2416s

as a people we're gonna talk about those next week okay so Adam just shared that there's some 2421s

irony the bishop that pronounced judgment over Janhus Janhus his body is buried under the place 2432s

where Luther was ordained and Janhus or Janhus I'm just gonna say Janhus but we all know it's 2446s

different he was the goof and he spoke of the swan that would come and reform the church and the 2454s

bishop then was under Martin Luther the swan to brought about the the reformation so that's 2466s

a really fun fact there you go bring it up at parties okay well we will continue on we're gonna 2475s

dive into the 95 theses we aren't gonna go through every single one but we are gonna go through 2482s

some important ones and I will look forward to that next week God bless 2488s

you 2498s